Kalmar Union, combination of the crowns of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, effected at Kalmar, Sweden, by Margaret I in 1397. Because all three crowns were elective, the union could not be maintained by inheritance. Margaret's successors controlled Sweden intermittently until Gustavus I of Sweden dissolved the union (1523). Norway became independent in 1814.

Abha, the capital of Saudi Arabia’s Asir Province, is a scenic mountain city set nearly 2,200 meters (7,200 feet) above sea level in the Sarawat Mountains. Known for its mild climate, lush green hills, and misty peaks, it stands in striking contrast to the country’s desert landscapes.

Southeast of Jakarta in western Java, the city is a commercial center and a popular resort area with a moderate climate.

Arendal is a coastal city in Agder, southern Norway, set around a sheltered harbor and a chain of islands and skerries along the Skagerrak. The city center combines maritime activity with historic wooden buildings, waterfront streets, and the inner harbor of Pollen. Arendal’s location has long influenced its economy and character, with shipping, forestry, and mining playing important roles in its development.

Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States, is a Caribbean island rich in history, culture, and natural diversity. Its capital, San Juan, is a vibrant hub where centuries-old Spanish forts, pastel-colored colonial buildings, and lively plazas tell the story of the island’s complex past.